right to a speedy trial (Article 21) and the presumption of innocence until proven guilty (Article 20(3)) -

• Violation of Fundamental Rights: Prolonged detention without trial infringes upon several fundamental rights guaranteed by the Indian Constitution, including the right to a speedy trial (Article 21) and the presumption of innocence until proven guilty (Article 20(3))
• https://www.drishtiias.com/daily-updates/daily-news-analysis/state-of-undertrial-prisoners-in-india
•  Section 436A CrPC
•  Section 479 of BNSS